PrometricGPT – GP – 1

Trichomonas is characterized by yellow-green, malodorous discharge.

ACE inhibitors are the preferred first-line treatment for hypertension in diabetics because of their renal protective effects.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia in adults.

The normal range of potassium is 3.5-5.0 mmol/L. Abnormal levels can lead to arrhythmias and other complications.

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are used in combination with antibiotics to eradicate H. pylori and treat peptic ulcers.

Testicular torsion presents with acute scrotal pain and is a surgical emergency.

Ceftriaxone is the first-line treatment for gonorrhea, often combined with azithromycin for chlamydia co-infection.

The MMR vaccine contains live viruses and is contraindicated in pregnancy.

Amoxicillin is the first-line treatment for acute bacterial sinusitis due to its effectiveness against most causative organisms.

Statins can cause muscle pain and weakness, known as myopathy.

Hypothyroidism presents with weight gain, fatigue, and cold intolerance. It is diagnosed by elevated TSH and low free T4.

An ECG is the first test performed in suspected MI to detect ST-segment changes and other abnormalities.

Beta-blockers are the first-line treatment for chronic stable angina as they reduce myocardial oxygen demand.

Renal artery stenosis is a common cause of secondary hypertension, particularly in older patients.

The most common site of DVT is the deep veins of the lower limbs.

Achalasia causes dysphagia for both solids and liquids due to failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax.

CT scan is the most accurate imaging modality for diagnosing acute appendicitis in adults.

Graves’ disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism, an autoimmune condition leading to excess thyroid hormone production.

Vitamin B12 deficiency leads to megaloblastic anemia, characterized by large, immature red blood cells.

Amoxicillin is the first-line treatment for acute otitis media due to its effectiveness against the most common pathogens.

A positive Trendelenburg sign is seen in hip dysplasia due to weakness of the gluteus medius muscle.

ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in pregnancy due to their teratogenic effects.

Gallstones are the leading cause of acute pancreatitis, particularly in women.

Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis, as it rapidly reverses airway constriction and hypotension.

Intranasal corticosteroids are the most effective treatment for allergic rhinitis as they reduce inflammation.

Pulmonary hypertension is a common complication of COPD due to chronic hypoxia-induced vascular changes.

INR (International Normalized Ratio) is used to monitor warfarin therapy to ensure therapeutic levels.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) often presents with a butterfly-shaped rash over the cheeks and nose.

Rotavirus is the most common cause of gastroenteritis in children, especially in low-resource settings.

Alcohol is the most common cause of cirrhosis in Western countries, followed by hepatitis C and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Hyperparathyroidism is a common cause of hypercalcemia due to excessive production of parathyroid hormone.

Penicillin is the drug of choice for all stages of syphilis.

Reed-Sternberg cells are characteristic of Hodgkin lymphoma, a type of lymphatic cancer.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the first-line treatment for major depressive disorder due to their favorable side-effect profile.

Immobilization, such as after surgery or during long flights, increases the risk of DVT.

Reactive arthritis (Reiter’s syndrome) is characterized by arthritis, urethritis, and conjunctivitis and is typically triggered by an infection.

SSRIs are the first-line treatment for generalized anxiety disorder due to their efficacy and tolerability.

Retinal detachment can cause sudden, painless vision loss and is more common in the elderly and those with a history of eye trauma.

Rheumatic fever is a potential complication of untreated streptococcal pharyngitis and can lead to serious heart complications.

Oral vancomycin is the preferred treatment for Clostridioides difficile infection, especially for moderate to severe cases.

Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by massive proteinuria, leading to hypoalbuminemia and edema.

The pneumococcal vaccine is recommended for adults over the age of 65 to prevent pneumococcal infections, which are more common in this age group.

Croup is characterized by a barking cough and stridor, typically caused by a viral infection of the upper airways.

Chronic kidney disease is a common cause of hyperkalemia due to impaired excretion of potassium.

Western blot is used to confirm the diagnosis of HIV after an initial positive ELISA test.

Levothyroxine is the synthetic form of thyroid hormone and is the first-line treatment for hypothyroidism.

Goiter can occur in both hypo- and hyperthyroidism due to thyroid gland enlargement.

Dysphagia for solids but not liquids is a common presentation of esophageal cancer.

Marfan syndrome is characterized by tall stature, long limbs, and joint hypermobility.

Arrhythmias, particularly ventricular fibrillation, are the most common cause of death in the early stages of a myocardial infarction.