PrometricGPT – GP – 2

NSAIDs are the first-line treatment for acute gout due to their anti-inflammatory effects.

Hypothyroidism is a common cause of secondary amenorrhea due to hormonal imbalances.

Vitamin A deficiency can lead to night blindness due to its role in the visual cycle.

Hyperlipidemia, especially high LDL cholesterol, is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is common after prolonged immobilization, such as long flights, leading to pain and swelling in the leg.

Short-acting beta-agonists (e.g., albuterol) are the first-line treatment for acute asthma attacks due to their quick bronchodilatory effect.

Otosclerosis is the most common cause of conductive hearing loss in adults, due to abnormal bone growth in the middle ear.

Vomiting leads to a loss of potassium, resulting in hypokalemia.

Diverticulosis is the most common cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding in adults.

A tetanus booster is required for deep puncture wounds, especially if the patient’s vaccination history is incomplete.

Metformin is the first-line oral medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

A daily dose of 4 mg of folic acid is recommended to prevent neural tube defects in pregnancy.

Papillary carcinoma is the most common type of thyroid cancer, known for its slow growth and good prognosis.

The middle cerebral artery is the most common site for cerebrovascular accidents (strokes).

Hemolytic disease of the newborn, often due to Rh incompatibility, is the most likely cause of jaundice in the first 24 hours of life.

Diabetes mellitus presents with the classic triad of polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia.

HPV is the most common STI worldwide and is associated with cervical and other cancers.

A “moon face” is a characteristic feature of Cushing’s syndrome due to excess cortisol production.

Ceftriaxone is the first-line treatment for acute bacterial meningitis due to its broad spectrum of activity and good penetration of the blood-brain barrier.

NSAIDs are contraindicated in patients with heart failure as they can worsen fluid retention and increase blood pressure.

Helicobacter pylori infection is the primary cause of peptic ulcers, particularly in the stomach and duodenum.

Prerenal azotemia, usually due to decreased renal perfusion (e.g., dehydration), is the most common cause of AKI.

Hyperthyroidism often presents with palpitations, anxiety, and weight loss.

DEXA is the gold standard for diagnosing osteoporosis by measuring bone mineral density.

Beta-blockers are commonly used for the long-term prevention of angina by reducing the heart’s oxygen demand.

Hyponatremia is common in Addison’s disease due to aldosterone deficiency, leading to sodium loss.

Surgical repair, often with hip replacement, is the standard management for displaced femoral neck fractures.

Escherichia coli is the most common cause of urinary tract infections due to its ability to adhere to the urinary epithelium.

Hepatitis, often viral, is the most likely cause of jaundice and elevated liver enzymes in this age group.

Central retinal artery occlusion classically presents with a “cherry-red spot” on fundoscopic examination.

Hepatitis B is the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, especially in endemic areas.

Nitrofurantoin is the first-line treatment for uncomplicated UTIs, particularly in women.

Central retinal artery occlusion presents with sudden, painless loss of vision and requires immediate intervention to prevent permanent damage.

ACE inhibitors are preferred in patients with chronic kidney disease due to their renal protective effects.

Untreated hypertension can lead to left ventricular hypertrophy due to the increased workload on the heart.

HbA1c reflects long-term blood glucose control over the past 2-3 months and is commonly used in the management of diabetes.

DMARDs, such as methotrexate, are the first-line treatment for rheumatoid arthritis as they modify the disease process.

Healthcare workers are recommended to receive the influenza vaccine annually to prevent transmission to vulnerable patients.

Bladder cancer often presents with painless hematuria, particularly in older adults, and is associated with weight loss in advanced cases.

CT pulmonary angiography is the gold standard for diagnosing pulmonary embolism due to its high sensitivity and specificity.

A persistent dry cough is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors due to increased bradykinin levels.

Diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide due to long-standing hyperglycemia.

Ischemic strokes, caused by blood flow obstruction to the brain, account for the majority of strokes.

Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause fatigue, weakness, and neurological symptoms due to its role in red blood cell production and nerve function.

Alpha-blockers, such as tamsulosin, are used to relieve symptoms of BPH by relaxing smooth muscles in the prostate and bladder neck.

CT scan is the preferred imaging modality for the initial assessment of suspected strokes within the first 24 hours to rule out hemorrhagic stroke.

Untreated hypertension can lead to strokes due to increased pressure on cerebral arteries.

Permethrin cream is the first-line treatment for scabies, a contagious skin condition caused by mites.

Sulfonylureas, such as glipizide, are associated with an increased risk of hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Rate control is the first-line approach in the management of atrial fibrillation to prevent rapid ventricular response.